Internal-combustion engine



April 9, 1929. A. v. D. WILLGOOS INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed July28, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet April 1929' A. v. D. WILLGOOS 1,708,458

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed July 28, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 A Mm Wa2351: W

Patented Apr. 9, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDREW V. D. WILLGOOS, OF WEST HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THEPRATT'& WHITNEY AIRCRAFT (30., OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed July 28, 1926. Serial No. 125,503.

practice to place the valves in the cylinder head itself and to operatethe same by means of long push rods and rocking levers. The rockers andpush rods are sometimes inclosed in some sort of a housing. In thestructure, of which I have been aware heretofore, it

has been customary to make such housingsseparate from the head and tosecure the same to the head in some suitable manner.

It is an object of my invention to providea cylinder which contains arocker housing formed integrally with the cylinder head thusprovidingfor greater rigidity of con struction with the consequent decrease inwear on working parts. It additionally reduces the number of parts andprovides a much more efficient means of heat transferv in theneighborhood of the cylinder head, valve seat, valve and valve stem andguide.

Another object of my invention is to provide reinforcing means for therocker housing integral therewith and with the cylinder, and having thefurther function of providing an additional cooling surface for the working parts.

Another object of my invention is" to provide, within my push rodhousing, means for compensating for the differential expansion of theworking parts due to temperature changes.

A further object of my invention is to soconstruct my device that theinner walls of the rocker box support are formed to provide at its lowerend the valve port walls which are blended into the Valve stem boss onthe side where the air impinges. This provides excellent heatdissipation means so necessary I to prevent the warping of the exhaustvalve and valve stem.

It is an object of my invention to provide my valve control assemblyhousing at a point remote from the high temperature area with an openingfor inspection purposes'and for the convenient'insertion and removal ofvalve springs and other minor parts. 1

Other objects of my invention will appear in the accompanyingspecification and claims and will be disclosed in the accompanyingdrawings in which Figure 1 is a central Vertical section through mydevice;

F igure 2 is a front elevation of a cylinder embodying my device;

Figure 3 is a modification of my exhaust valve construction;

Figure 4 is a view similar to that shown in Figure 1 showing the valvespring in the process of being removed, and t Figure 5 is a crosssection on line 5-5 of Fig. 3.

Referring now with greater particularity to the drawings, it will beseen that my device is comprised as follows:

The cylinder 1, having suitable cooling fins 2, is provided at its upperend with inlet and exhaust ports 3 and 4 having valve control housings 5and 6, respectively. Since the interiors of the Valve control housingsare substantially the same, only that of the exhaust valve will bedescribed. The valve 7 is provided with a suitable seat 8 and has avalve stem 9 slidable in the valve boss 10 .mountedin a guideway 11formed in an extension 12 of the cylinder head. This extension 12 isprovided with circumferential cooling ribs 13 and has a rib 14 extendingin the same plane as the axis of the valve stem 9 forthe purpose ofstrengthening and lending rigidity to the extension 12 and addinganother heat dissipating means. The extension 12 is provided with anexhaust port 39, the extension being provided with recesses 15 for thereception of means 16 for securing an exhaust manifold 17 thereto. Thisengine is designed primarily for aeronautical uses and thus to obtainlow weight per horse power is of prime importance. To this end I haveprovided my cylinder and cylinder head extensions of material of highheat pressure efficiency to provide the maximum cooling effect with theminimum additional Weight and a minimum head resistance.

The extension 12 is formed to provide a seat 18 for the valve springs 19and 20, the upper end of said springs being limited in their expansionby the collar 21. The upper end of the valve stem 9 is flat and a flatfaced ball 22 bears t-hereagainst. The ball 22 is suitably mounted in arecess 23 in a gland 24 adjustably secured in one end 25 of a rocker arm26 pivoted at 27 on a stud formed in or insertable in a bore in theupper portion of the extension 12. -Within the other end of the rockerarm .26 there is mounted another fiat faced ball 28 bearing against theupper end of a push rod 29 mounted in a sleeve 30. A

suitable slip joint 37 between the housing of the extension 12 and thesleeve 30 of the push rod 29 is provided to take care of differentialheat expansion therebetween.

In the uppermost portion of my valve control assembly housing I haverovided an opening suitably positioned'for purposes of inspection andfor the purpose of permitting the removal and insertion of the valvesprings rand of other minor parts. This opening is normally closedby'a-cover 51 secured to the extension by suitable means.

It will be noted that the exhaust valve control assembly housing hascircumferential ribs substantially to its uppermost portion while thereare fewer of such ribs on the intake valve control housing.- This ismade necessary by the greater heat dissipation required in and aroundthe exhaust valve.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that my device operatesas follows: The extension 12 of the cylinder head forming a guide for'the valve stem 9 and a housing for the rocker arm 26 and being integralwith the cylinder head forms the most efficient means of heatdissipation for the valve and valve stem. The cooling ribs 13 extendinground the extension 12 and the strengthening rib 14 extendinglongitudinally of the extension in the plane of the valve stem serve tofurther dissipate the heat. By reason of the fact that the extension 12is integral with the cylinder 1, a, great number of parts are eliminatedand increased rigidity is given the structure. The slip joint 37 takescare of the differential expansion of the parts under the influence ofheat 'the temperature of the cylinder being higher than that of the pushrod.

In Figure3 I have disclosed amodification of my exhaust valve structure.In this case the walls 40 of the extension 12 are formed, first toreceive the valve seat 8 and again at v41:1 are curved inwardly abovethe limits of the valve port and form one wall of thevalve guide boss.Cooling fins 42 are provided for the valve stem guide boss on the sidethereof against which the air impinges.

Having thus described my invention what I claim is 1. In combination, inan internal combustion engine, a cylinder, inlet and exhaust ports inthe head of said cylinder, valves controlling the passage 'of gasesthrough said ports, and valve control mechanismsmounted in spacedintegral extensions of -said cylinder. 2. In combination, in an internalcombustion engine, a cylinder, inlet and exhaust ports in the head ofsaid cylinder, valves controlling the passage of gases through saidports, rocker arm assemblies mounted in spaced integral extensions ofsaid cylinder, and cooling fins extending radially of said cylinder andeach of said cylinder extensions, the fin cooling area on the extensionhousing, the exhaust valve assembly exceeding the finarea on theextension housing inlet valve assembly.

3. In combination, in an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, inletand exhaust ports in the head of said cylinder, valves controlling thepassage of gases through said ports, rocker arm assemblies mounted inspaced integral extensions of said cylinder, and cooling fins extendingradially of said cylinder and said extensions.

4. In combination, in an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, inletand exhaust ports in the head of said cylinder, valves controlling thepassage of gases through said ports, rocker arm assemblies mounted inspaced integral extensions of said cylinder, cooling fins extendingradially of said cylinder and said extensions, and reinforcing ribs forsaid extensions extending in the plane of the stems of said valves.

5. In combination, in an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, inletand exhaust ports in the head of said cylinder, valves'con trolling thepassage of gases through said ports, rocker arm assemblies mounted inspaced integralextensions of said cylinder, cooling fins extendingradially of said cylinder and said extensions, and reinforcing coolingribs for said extensions extending in the plane of the stems of saidvalves on the side of said extensions against which the air impinges.

6. In combination, in an air cooled internal combustion engine, acylinder and a rocker housing formed integral therewith.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

ANDREIV V. D. IVILLGOOS.

DISCLAIMER 1,708,458.Andrew V. D. Willy 00s, West Hartford, (301111.INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE. Patent dated April 9, 1929. Disclaimer filedOctober 1, 1938, by the assignee, United Aircraft Corporation.

Hereby enters this disclaimer to claim 6 0f the patent specification.

[Ofiicz'al Gazette October 25, 1938.]

